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HALDA RIVER

The Halda River is the one and the only natural carp breeding ground in Bangladesh from where fertilized carp fish's (Catla catla, Labeo rohita, Labeo calbasu and Cirrhinus mrigala) eggs are collected by local fisherman and egg collectors during April to June almost every year for time immemorial. The collected eggs are hatched in the artificial mud-made scoop on the riverbank to produce carp fries. The fry from here are supplied to different regions of the country for aquaculture.
Natural view of the Halda River

Halda River is one of the major rivers in the South-East region of Bangladesh. It originates from Halda chora (হালদা ছড়া) at the area of 2 no. Patachora union in Ramgarh Upazila under Khagrachari District (Former Chittagong Hill Tracts), Bangladesh. It flows through Fatikchhari Upazila, Hathazari Upazila, Raozan Upazila and Chittagong Chandgaon Thana before falling into the Karnaphuli River. The 98 km long river has a very turbulent tributary, the Dhurung River, which joins at Sundarpore about 48.25 km downstream. The river is navigable by big boats 29 km into it (up to Nazirhat) and by small boats 16-24 km further (up to Narayanhat). The Halda river is also famous for breeding pure Indian major carps. This is the only pure Indian major carp breeding field of Bangladesh, perhaps in South Asia.

Different man-made and natural disasters like destruction of spawning ground by ox-bow cutting, massive quarry of sands from river bed illegally by a section of unscrupulous traders, pollution of the river by industrial waste, unplanned construction of a good number of sluice gates by the locals for irrigation purpose, indiscriminate catching and killing of the brood fishes and climate change in the river have posed a serious threat to the bio-diversity of the Halda. Due to these risk factors, the river that was once a haven for brood fishes for releasing their eggs has now turned into a quite dangerous one resulting in drastic fall in the availability of eggs and fish-fries of natural species as lesser number of brood fishes have come here for releasing eggs in the recent years.
BASIC INFORMATIONS
Name of the River Halda River
Location Chittagong
Origin
It originates from Halda chora (হালদা ছড়া) at the area of 2 no. Patachora union in Ramgarh Upazila under Khagrachari District (Former Chittagong Hill Tracts), Bangladesh.
Longitude/Latitude 22°28'56.09"N & 91°54'07.62"E
Total Length 98 km
Distribution/ Area
It flows through Fatikchhari, Hathazari and Raozan Upazilas and Chandgaon Thana, and falls into the Karnaphuli River near Kalurghat area.
Why Unique?
It is only one tidal river natural carp breeding ground in the world from where carp eggs arecollected by the local fisherman. After collecting the eggs, the fishermen keep the spawn in the artificial small earthen pond or “kua” on the riverbank where the fry are hatched within 18 hours (Tsai et al. 1981). It is a unique indigenous technology of local fishermen.
Number of Excavated Oxbow bends 11
Number of Canals 34
Spawn Area Garduara to Maduna Ghat
Number of Sluice Gate 12 (Lower Halda)
Main Canals / Tributaries 5
Number of Fish Species 71 & Extinct: 04
Number of Egg Collectors 1100
Number of Fishermen 1600
Last Updated : March 16, 2012 0:29 AM & Copyright © 2010 [Md. Manzoorul Kibria]